Factors associated with cannula failure in paediatric patients in Malawi: an observational study
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Date
2022-04-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kamuzu University of Health Sciences
Abstract
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Background
Peripheral Intravenous Cannulas (PIVC) are used in the delivery of medications, blood
and blood products and fluids for resuscitation to achieve homeostasis in the paediatric setting
in Malawi. Success in the placement and securement of PIVCs along with the type of treatments
administered in inpatient care plays an important role in cannula failure rates. High failure rates
can predispose children to cannula-related infections and other associated complications.
The Type of Research Study
This study will be an observational study conducted in Children Ward A, Children Ward
B, Children Ward C, the Emergency Department and the Outpatient Paediatric Department
in Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH).
The Problem [to be studied]
In Malawi, there is no data that describes PIVC success and failure rates. This study seeks to
describe the gap in the literature about the PIVC first time insertion success rates, the
current practice of securement and dressing of PIVCs, and to ascertain the duration and
failure of these devices in paediatric acute care at KCH.
Main Objectives
The main objective is to evaluate the lifespan of the PIVCs and identify the factors which
affect the lifespan of PIVCs in paediatric patients at KCH.
Specifically, the study will seek to:
1. To determine the risk factors for cannula failure in paediatric inpatients at KCH
2. To ascertain the reasons for cannula removal and evaluate the lifespan of a cannula in
paediatric inpatients at KCH
3. To describe the incidence rates of cannula-related infections and associated complications as a
result of periphery intravenous cannulation in paediatric inpatients at KCH
11-Apr-2022
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Methodology
The study will utilize a mixed-methods design involving prospective cohort study design with
cross-sectional sampling methods. The population of choice will be all the paediatric patients
needing first time cannulation and health personnel cannulating patients in KCH paediatric
wards and the outpatient department. Both paediatric participants and health personnel will be
recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data will be collected by structured
observational checklists and questionnaires. Post-cannulation, there will also be continuous
follow up and supervision throughout the data collection period. Data will be analysed using
EPI-INFO or SPSS. The study period for this research is 6 weeks, in which we shall collect
data, analyse it and write a report
Ethical Considerations
Informed consent, confidentiality, non-maleficence, beneficence, and the right to voluntarily
participate or withdraw from the study will be granted to the study participants in order
to achieve ethical validity. The proposal will also be submitted to COMREC for approval.
Permission to conduct our research at KCH shall also be sought from the hospital director.
Expected Findings and their dissemination
The expected findings for this study are that PIVC failure rates will be high and these rates will
differ in neonates, infants and children.
These results shall be presented during the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences 4th year
research dissemination which invites all academic staff and members of the University, as well
as, undergraduate research coordinator, The College of Medicine Research and Ethics
Committee, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences Library, Head of Department of Paediatrics
at KCH and the study supervisors