HIV/ AIDS

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Browsing HIV/ AIDS by Subject "HIV/AIDS"

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    Assessing the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and high HIV risk behaviours among male and female adolescents: A cross sectional study in Balaka district.
    (2020-06-15) Kaponda, Alice
    Executive Summary Type of research study This will be a Cross Sectional Study to done in Balaka district. The problem Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a burden in Malawi with high incidences among adolescents (0.23% per year). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refers to a range of events (such as physical, emotional and sexual abuse, bullying, etc) that children can experience early in their life that leads to stress and can result in trauma and unhealthy behaviours such as sexual immorality, indulging in substance abuse. There are a number of behaviours that exposes one to high HIV risks. Some of the high HIV risk behaviours include having multiple sexual partners and infrequent condom use. This study seeks to assess the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and high HIV risk behaviours specifically having multiple sexual partners and infrequent condom use among adolescents that may lead to increased HIV incidences in Balaka district. Objectives This study will assess the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and high HIV risk behaviours specifically having multiple sexual partners and infrequent condom use among female and male adolescents’ in Balaka district. Methodology This will be a cross sectional study involving a total of 314 adolescents aged between 10-18 years who were interviewed in the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health (MLSFH) study during the 2017/2018 data collection wave. The parent MLSFH study, collected data for a number of variables among which some will be used in this study. These variables include: Age, gender, tribe, religion, caregiver, caregiver change over time, school attendance, household size, family income status, sexual activities, infrequent condom use and exposure to different types of ACEs. This study will analyse secondary data from Balaka district under the parent MLSFH study which was collected in 2017/2018 data collection wave for adolescents’ cohort. Logistic regression analysis will be performed using STATA v14 to assess the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and HIV risk behaviours (multiple sexual partners and infrequent condom use) among male and female adolescents.
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    HIV/AIDS workplace policy development and implementation in public hospitals in Lilongwe, Malawi
    (Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, 2020-04-21) Kapangama, Patricia
    Introduction and background HIV/AIDS is a global burden which has affected 77.3 million people worldwide and more than half (34.4 million) of infected people have died since the start of the epidemic[1]. HIV/AIDS has negatively affected Malawi in such a way that 10.6 % of population aged between 15 -49 are infected [2].This is the age group which is economically productive and greatly contribute to countries economy. However, HIV related infections affect their productivity and leads to early retirement and untimely deaths. These effects increase organization‘s training and costs due to replacement of the HIV/AIDS infected employees who have died or retired on medical grounds. In order to reduce negative impact of HIV/AIDS, work place policy was introduced in organizations. However, Malawi‘s adoption of the policy is low as evidenced by results from a study conducted in 2011, which revealed that 38% of sampled private sector companies in Malawi had adopted HIV/AIDS policies whilst 62% had not yet adopted the policy [3]. Therefore, this study sets out to explore factors affecting development and implementation of HIV/AIDS work place and policy. Objectives The main objective of the study is to explore factors that affect development and implementation of HIV/AIDS work place policy in public health facilities in Lilongwe. The specific objectives of the study are to examine personal and facility factors that affect development and implementation of HIV/AIDS workplace policy. The study will also examine challenges in the development and implementation of HIV work place policy.