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- ItemRestrictedDeterminants of adolescent pregnancy in Malawi(Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, 2020-09-09) Gulaimfa, JanetIntroduction: adolescent pregnancy is one of the top reproductive health problems affecting young people across the globe. Following pregnancy, adolescents are 1.6 times likely to face obstetric complications which eventually lead to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The type of research study: This study is a population based cross sectional case control, a secondary data analysis of the Malawi demographic health survey 2015-16 The main aim of the study is to establish the determinants of adolescent pregnancy among girls aged 15 to 17 years in Malawi. Underlying cause of high teenage pregnancy prevalence needs to be further investigated and explored with the aim of developing targeted strategies. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES • To examine trends in the reproductive health knowledge among teens • To identify determinants of child bearing among 15-17 year olds • To describe reproductive health knowledge among adolescent girls aged 15 to 17 in Malawi • To examine determinants of child bearing among 15-17 year olds in Malawi METHODOLOGY Study Design This study is a population based cross sectional designase control, a secondary data analysis of adolescent girls aged 15 to 17 according to the Malawi demographic health survey 2015-16 where cases which are adolescent girls aged 15 to 17 years. Study Place The Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) was implemented in the 28 districts of Malawi thus a nationally representative sample that provides estimate at national and regional levels of the urban and rural areas. Study population The secondary data collected in the DHS 2015-16 on adolescent girls between 15 to 17 years of age in Malawi who were pregnant or had given birth to their first child during the period of the survey will be used. Study Period This study will be conducted from April 2019 to January 2021August 2020. This is a period between proposal development, submission and approval by college of medicine ethics committee, to data collection, analysis, reporting and dissemination of findings. Data collection The national statistics office (NSO) recruited 268 individuals to serve as team leaders, field editors, interviewers and secondary data editors who went under training on interviewing techniques and went through a review of questionnaire content. Data collection was completed by 37 field teams, with each including one team leader, one field editor, three female interviewers, one male interviewer, collection of data took place from 19 October 2015 through 17 February 2016. This study will focus on the following variables:- Dependent variable “age at first birth”. Women who were pregnant or had birth to their first child at ages between 15 to 17 years during the study period. Independent variables region (south, central and north), residence (rural or urban), current age (15year olds, 16 year olds, 17 year olds), marital status (never married and in a marital union) and wealth index (poor, middle, and rich), education level (no education, primary, secondary) Data management and analysis Data collected was stored in a password protected computer at the NSO Zomba and according to the MDHS report. Bivariate analysis using Pearson chi-squared test will be carried out to examine the relationship between teenage pregnancy and each variable like place or residence, current age, education level and marital status. Variables that are potentially significant will be further analyzed using a multiple regression model. Possible Constraints This study, being a secondary data analysis, uses data which has been collected for purposes other than this study therefore it is inherent in its nature. It is also not possible to follow up clients therefore additional data from study participants cannot be collected. Expected findings and result dissemination. The results for this study will be submitted to the college of medicine department of Department of Health Systems & Policy for grading to attain a master’s of science in global health implementation; additionally it will be submitted to college of medicine ethics committee (COMREC) and a copy to the college of medicine library including the center for reproductive health.
- ItemRestrictedExploring mechanisms put in place to reduce/end sexual and gender based violence among young women and adolescents in Dzaleka refugee settlements in Malawi(Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, 2021-10-28) Miseleni Chirambo, PiliraniType of research study: This is an exploratory qualitative case study design The problem: Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) against adolescents and young women is persistent and critical globally, but the severity of SGBV in humanitarian contexts makes it an urgent priority in need of humanitarian response action. Even though there is recognition of overlapping risks and intervention opportunities, SGBV programming focus on refugee adolescents and young women is lagging behind. This has resulted in adolescents and young women missing out on protection mechanisms despite their increased susceptibility to SGBV. Therefore, this research will explore how protective mechanisms address SGBV against refugee adolescents and young women in the Dzaleka refugee camp by expounding on the specific objectives that aim to describe the risk factors for SGBV, assess measures put in place to end SGVB and explore the effects of SGBV on the mental and social well-being of adolescents in refugee camps. Methodology: This is a qualitative case study, whose data will be collected through interviews (Focus Group Discussions (FDGs), key informant interviews and in-depth interviews) with Dzaleka refugee camp's specialist humanitarian organisations and various government representatives leading in SGBV programming and refugee adolescents and women. Research assistants will be trained on how to conduct interviews while at the same time collecting high quality data. Data analysis and coding will be conducted on the transcribed data to identify key themes and patterns. This research will be guided by Social Ecological Model (SEM) to explore risk factors, effects of SGBV and corresponding protection mechanisms on refugee adolescents and young women. Expected findings and dissemination: Research results will be presented in themes and subthemes, therefore, quoted verbatim from transcript will be used in the description of the subthemes, that will describe the sexual and gender-based violence risk factors, effects and protection mechanisms as found in Dzaleka refugee camp. Finally, the findings of this study will be submitted to The College of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (COMREC) as a partial fulfilment of a Master of Science in Global Health Implementation. The results shall also be submitted for publication in the publications in peer-reviewed journals through The University Research and Publication Committee (URPC) via COMREC. Finally, a copy of the study results will be submitted to Dzaleka Refugee Camp administration and humanitarian agencies with an aim of highlighting the recommendations that will inform them on how to improve SGBV programming with particular focus on refugee adolescents and young women in Dzaleka refugee camp
- ItemRestrictedPrevalence, determinants and health risks associated with adolescent pregnancy at Bwaila District hospital, Lilongwe -Malawi(Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, 2021-10-08) Mtawali, CharityStudy type This is a cross-sectional analytical study design that will use quantitative data analysis The problem to be studied Adolescent pregnancy is a global health care concern with greater burden in the developing countries including Malawi. It remains the major contributor of maternal and child mortality. There are many studies conducted on adolescent pregnancy and many preventive measures being implemented by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to offset teenage pregnancies in Malawi. Despite all this, the rates are still high. This means that more efforts are needed to achieve the required results. In addition, there is lack of specific data for Lilongwe urban on health risks associated with adolescent pregnancy. Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the prevalence, determinants and health risks associated with adolescent pregnancy at Bwaila District Hospital, antenatal clinic, Lilongwe -Malawi. The specific objectives of this study are; to examine the prevalence of unintended pregnancies among teenage pregnant mothers, to examine the determinants of adolescent pregnancy such as culture, education, non-use of contraceptives, early marriage, lack of knowledge on reproductive health rights, sexual and physical violence, age difference between teenage girls and their partners, and poverty for adolescent pregnancy at Bwaila district hospital Lilongwe, Malawi. Methodology Across-sectional analytical study design will be used. Data will be collected from Bwaila district hospital, antenatal clinic. A convenient sampling technique will be used. Participants will be adolescent pregnant mothers attending antenatal clinic during the period of study. Data will be a collected using a questionnaire administered through face to face interviews. It will be analyzed using STATA MP Version 16.0. Measures of central tendency, frequency distribution, dispersion and proportions will be used to analyze descriptive data. Odds ratio will be used to make comparisons and Logistic regression model will be used to predict factors for teenage pregnancy and make conclusions. Expected findings and dissemination The results of this study are expected to reveal prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Lilongwe, Malawi. The results will help policy makers to plan effective preventive measures to offset teenage pregnancies .The results will be disseminated to College of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (COMREC), Lilongwe DHO, at College of Medicine students‘ dissemination conference as well as published in Malawi Medical Journal (MMJ). A copy will be submitted to College of Medicine Library.