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Browsing Pharmacy by Author "Sikwese Daston, Tionge"

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    The prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis in clinical isolates in Blantyre and Lilongwe, Malawi
    (Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, 2021-11-11) Sikwese Daston, Tionge
    The type of research study: We will conduct a cross-sectional study on Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) Positive isolates from the EXACT study (Utility of the Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra assay with the GeneXpert®Omni System and digital chest radiography for diagnosis of tuberculosis in high HIV prevalence settings) which was conducted at Kamuzu University of Health Sciences in 2020 to 2021 and Isolates from National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in Lilongwe. 1.2. The problem to be studied Patients infected with Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR –TB) strains are difficult to cure and are more likely to remain sources of infection for a longer period of time than are patients with drug-susceptible strains, as a result it necessary to conduct a prevalence survey on MDR-TB in order to assess the emerging cases of MDR-TB. 1.3. The Research objectives 1.3.1. Broad objective  To investigate the prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis in clinical isolates existing framework for drug resistance in Blantyre and Lilongwe 1.3.2. Specific objectives • To determine the number of patients presenting with investigate the prevalence of drug resistance TB among patients registering for TB treatment in Blantyre and Lilongwe • To find out the number of patients presenting with investigate the prevalence of Extremely Drug resistance (XDR) TB in Blantyre and Lilongwe using sample pooling method • To describe the association between MDR-TB and Age, Sex and HIV status characteristics of patients with MDR-TB using the following parameter (Age, Sex and HIV)  To describe pathways of care for patients with MDR-TB in Blantyre and Lilongwe 1.4. Methodology We will conduct Line Probe Assay test using GenoType MTBDRplus (version 2.0) on 400 culture isolates for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis which were archived from January 2019 active in COM/MLW TB laboratory in Blantyre and Isolates from National TB reference Laboratory in Lilongwe. From the identified MDR-TB we are going to investigate the prevalence of XDR-TB using the pooling method. 1.5. Expected findings and their dissemination. We hypothesize that there is increasing prevalence of MDR-TB among TB patients registering for treatment in Blantyre and Lilongwe. The results of this trial will also be submitted to College of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (COMREC) and for publication in open access and medical journals. The results of the trial will also be shared with policy makers at the Ministry of Health in Malawi and the World Health Organization (WHO).